28/08/2025
Following the surrender at Yorktown, Kościuszko remained in the newly formed nation for two years. Kościuszko actively participated in operations near Charleston, South Carolina, and led intelligence reporting efforts after the death of John Laurens. Kościuszko also led two cavalry units and one infantry unit at James Island, South Carolina, the last Continental Army engagement of the Revolutionary War. On July 15, 1784, Kościuszko returned to Poland to his family who were in financial distress. Kościuszko arrived in Poland on August 26, 1784, and learned that his brother Jozef had lost a large portion of their family’s land through poor investments. Kościuszko began befriending political reformers in Warsaw and involved himself in Polish politics. With Kościuszko’s help, Poland adopted a new constitution. Russia saw the adoption of a new constitution as a threat to Russia, and on May 18, 1792, a Russian army consisting of 100,000 Russians moved to invade Poland. Kościuszko was called on by the Polish government to help repel the Russian army, and Kościuszko accepted the offer. Kościuszko was given command of Polish soldiers stationed near Kiev. Kościuszko fought and successfully repelled Russian forces at the Battles of Zielence and Dubienka. Despite Kościuszko’s few soldiers, the tactical expertise that he learned from General Nathanael Greene in South Carolina helped prepare him to fight an enemy that vastly outnumbered him. Following his victory at the Battle of Dubienka, he was promoted to lieutenant-general, as well as offered the Order of the White Eagle, one of the Polish military’s highest honors. Kościuszko declined the Order of the White Eagle, as it was an award from a monarchy.
Pic: Kościuszko as a lieutenant general of the Crown Army during the Polish Russian War of 1792 / Portrait Marcin Jablonski 1827, oil on canvas
https://thelibertytrail.org/history/biographies/tadeusz-kosciuszko https://pl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tadeusz_Ko%C5%9Bciuszko %C3%B3%C5%BCnienia https://polishamericancenter.org/Kosciuszko.htm https://wielkahistoria.pl/pochodzenie-i-mlodosc-tadeusza-kosciuszki-na-jedno-z-najwazniejszych-pytan-wciaz-nie-ma-odpowiedzi/ Kosciuszko Portrait Marcin Jablonski 1827, oil on canvas https://pl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tadeusz_Ko%C5%9Bciuszko #/media/Plik:Jablonski_kosciuszko.jpg